第一百十二回

第一百十二回 救寿春于诠死节 取长城伯约鏖兵

却说司马昭闻诸葛诞会合吴兵前来决战，乃召散骑长史裴秀、黄门侍郎钟会，商议破敌之策。钟会曰：“吴兵之助诸葛诞，实为利也，以利诱之，则必胜矣。”昭从其言，遂令石苞、州泰先引两军于石头城埋伏，王基、陈骞领精兵在后，却令偏将成倅引兵数万先去诱敌，又令陈俊引车仗牛马驴骡，装载赏军之物，四面聚集于阵中，如敌来则弃之。

是日，诸葛诞令吴将朱异在左，文钦在右，见魏阵中人马不整，诞乃大驱士马径进。成倅退走，诞驱兵掩杀，见牛马驴骡，遍满郊野，南兵争取，无心恋战。忽然一声炮响，两路兵杀来，左有石苞，右有州泰。诞大惊，急欲退时，王基、陈骞精兵杀到，诞兵大败。司马昭又引兵接应。诞引败兵奔入寿春，闭门坚守。昭令兵四面围困，并力攻城。

时吴兵退屯安丰，魏主车驾驻于项城。钟会曰：“今诸葛诞虽败，寿春城中粮草尚多，更有吴兵屯安丰以为掎角之势，今吾兵四面攻围，彼缓则坚守，急则死战，吴兵或乘势夹攻，吾军无益。不如三面攻之，留南门大路，容贼自走，走而击之，可全胜也。吴兵远来，粮必不继，我引轻骑抄在其后，可不战而自破矣。”昭抚会背曰：“君真吾之子房也！”遂令王基撤退南门之兵。

却说吴兵屯于安丰，孙唤朱异责之曰：“量一寿春城不能救，安可并吞中原？如再不胜必斩！”朱异乃回本寨商议。于诠曰：“今寿春南门不围，某愿领一军从南门入去，助诸葛诞守城。将军与魏兵挑战，我却从城中杀出：两路夹攻，魏兵可破矣。”异然其言。于是全怿、全端、文钦等，皆愿入城，遂同于诠引兵一万，从南门而入城。魏兵不得将令，未敢轻敌，任吴兵入城，乃报知司马昭。昭曰：“此欲与朱异内外夹攻，以破我军也。”乃召王基、陈骞分付曰：“汝可引五千兵截断朱异来路，从背后击之。”二人领命而去。朱异正引兵来，忽背后喊声大震，左有王基，右有陈骞，两路军杀来，吴兵大败。朱异回见孙，大怒曰：“累败之将，要汝何用！”叱武士推出斩之。又责全端子全祎曰：“若退不得魏兵，汝父子休来见我！”于是孙自回建业去了。

钟会与昭曰：“今孙退去，外无救兵，城可围矣。”昭从之，遂催军攻围。全祎引兵欲入寿春，见魏兵势大，寻思进退无路，遂降司马昭。昭加祎为偏将军，祎感昭恩德，乃修家书与父全端、叔全怿，言孙不仁，不若降魏，将书射入城中。怿得祎书，遂与端引数千人开门出降。诸葛诞在城中忧闷，谋士蒋班、焦彝进言曰：“城中粮少兵多，不能久守，可率吴、楚之众，与魏兵决一死战。”诞大怒曰：“吾欲守，汝欲战，莫非有异心乎！再言必斩！”二人仰天长叹曰：“诞将亡矣！我等不如早降，免至一死！”是夜二更时分，蒋、焦二人逾城降魏，司马昭重用之。因此城中虽有敢战之士，不敢言战。

诞在城中，见魏兵四下筑起土城以防淮水，只望水泛，冲倒土城，驱兵击之。不想自秋至冬，并无霖雨，淮水不泛。城中看看粮尽，文钦在小城内与二子坚守，见军士渐渐饿倒，只得来告诞曰：“粮皆尽绝，军士饿损，不如将北方之兵尽放出城，以省其食。”诞大怒曰：“汝教我尽去北军，欲谋我耶？”叱左右推出斩之。文鸯、文虎见父被杀，各拔短刀，立杀数十人，飞身上城，一跃而下，越壕赴魏寨投降。司马昭恨文鸯昔日单骑退兵之仇，欲斩之。钟会谏曰：“罪在文钦，今文钦已亡，二子势穷来归，若杀降将，是坚城内人之心也。”昭从之，遂召文鸯、文虎入帐，用好言抚慰，赐骏马锦衣，加为偏将军，封关内侯。二子拜谢，上马绕城大叫曰：“我二人蒙大将军赦罪赐爵，汝等何不早降！”城内人闻言，皆计议曰：“文鸯乃司马氏仇人，尚且重用，何况我等乎？”于是皆欲投降。诸葛诞闻之大怒，日夜自来巡城，以杀为威。

钟会知城中人心已变，乃入帐告昭曰：“可乘此时攻城矣。”昭大喜，遂激三军，四面云集，一齐攻打。守将曾宣献了北门，放魏兵入城。诞知魏兵已入，慌引麾下数百人，自城中小路突出，至吊桥边，正撞着胡奋，手起刀落，斩诞于马下，数百人皆被缚。王基引兵杀到西门，正遇吴将于诠。基大喝曰：“何不早降！”诠大怒曰：“受命而出，为人救难，既不能救，又降他人，义所不为也！”乃掷盔于地，大呼曰：“人生在世，得死于战场者，幸耳！”急挥刀死战三十馀合，人困马乏，为乱军所杀。后人有诗赞曰：

司马当年围寿春，降兵无数拜车尘。东吴虽有英雄士，谁及于诠肯杀身！

司马昭入寿春，将诸葛诞老小尽皆枭首，灭其三族。武士将所擒诸葛诞部卒数百人缚至，昭曰：“汝等降否？”众皆大叫曰：“愿与诸葛公同死，决不降汝！”昭大怒，叱武士尽缚于城外，逐一问曰：“降者免死。”并无一人言降。直杀至尽，终无一人降者。昭深加叹息不已，令皆埋之。后人有诗赞曰：

忠臣矢志不偷生，诸葛公休帐下兵。《薤露》歌声应未断，遗踪直欲继田横！

却说吴兵大半降魏，裴秀告司马昭曰：“吴兵老小，尽在东南江、淮之地，今若留之，久必为变，不如坑[1]之。”钟会曰：“不然。古之用兵者，全国为上[2]，戮其元恶而已。若尽坑之，是不仁也。不如放归江南，以显中国之宽大。”昭曰：“此妙论也。”遂将吴兵尽皆放归本国。唐咨因惧孙，不敢回国，亦来降魏。昭皆重用，令分布三河之地。淮南已平。正欲退兵，忽报西蜀姜维引兵来取长城，邀截粮草。昭大惊，慌与多官计议退兵之策。

时蜀汉延熙二十年，改为景耀元年[3]。姜维在汉中，选川将两员，每日操练人马：一是蒋舒，一是傅佥。二人颇有胆勇，维甚爱之。忽报淮南诸葛诞起兵讨司马昭，东吴孙助之，昭大起两都之兵，将魏太后并魏主一同出征去了。维大喜曰：“吾今番大事济矣！”遂表奏后主，愿兴兵伐魏。中散大夫谯周听知，叹曰：“近来朝廷溺于酒色，信任中贵黄皓，不理国事，只图欢乐。伯约累欲征伐，不恤军士。国将危矣！”乃作《仇国论》一篇，寄与姜维。维拆封视之，论曰：

或问：古往能以弱胜强者，其术何如？曰：处大国无患者，恒多慢；处小国有忧者，恒思善。多慢则生乱，思善则生治，理之常也。故周文养民，以少取多；句践恤众，以弱毙强。此其术也。

或曰：曩者楚强汉弱，约分鸿沟，张良以为民志既定则难动也，率兵追羽，终毙项氏，岂必由文王、句践之事乎？曰：商、周之际，王侯世尊，君臣久固。当此之时，虽有汉祖，安能仗剑取天下乎？及秦罢侯置守之后，民疲秦役，天下土崩，于是豪杰并争。今我与彼，皆传国易世矣，既非秦末鼎沸之时，实有六国并据之势，故可为文王，难为汉祖。时可而后动，数合而后举，故汤、武之师，不再战而克，诚重民劳而度时审也。如遂极武黩征，不幸遇难，虽有智者，不能谋之矣。

姜维看毕，大怒曰：“此腐儒之论也！”掷之于地。遂提川兵来取中原，乃问傅佥曰：“以公度之，可出何地？”佥曰：“魏屯粮草，皆在长城。今可径取骆谷，度沈岭，直到长城，先烧粮草，然后直取秦川，则中原指日可得矣。”维曰：“公之见与吾计暗合也。”即提兵径取骆谷，度沈岭，望长城而来。

却说长城镇守将军司马望，乃司马昭之族兄也。城内粮草甚多，人马却少。望听知蜀兵到，急与王真、李鹏二将，引兵离城二十里下寨。次日，蜀兵来到，望引二将出阵。姜维出马，指望而言曰：“今司马昭迁主于军中，必有李傕、郭汜之意也。吾今奉朝廷明命，前来问罪，汝当早降。若还愚迷，全家诛戮！”望大声而答曰：“汝等无礼，数犯上国，如不早退，令汝片甲不归！”言未毕，望背后王真挺枪出马，蜀阵中傅佥出迎。战不十合，佥卖个破绽，王真便挺枪来刺，傅佥闪过，活捉真于马上，便回本阵。李鹏大怒，纵马轮刀来救。佥故意放慢，等李鹏将近，努力掷真于地，暗掣四楞铁简在手，鹏赶上举刀待砍，傅佥偷身回顾，向李鹏面门只一简，打得眼珠迸出，死于马下。王真被蜀军乱枪刺死。姜维驱兵大进。司马望弃寨入城，闭门不出。维下令曰：“军士今夜且歇一宿，以养锐气。来日须要入城。”次日平明，蜀兵争先大进，一拥至城下，用火箭火炮打入城中。城上草屋一派烧着，魏兵自乱。维又令人取干柴堆满城下，一齐放火，烈焰冲天。城已将陷，魏兵在城内嚎啕痛哭，声闻四野。

正攻打之间，忽然背后喊声大震。维勒马回看，只见魏兵鼓噪摇旗，浩浩而来。维遂令后队为前队，自立于门旗下候之。只见魏阵中一小将，全装惯带，挺枪纵马而出，约年二十馀岁，面如傅粉，唇似抹朱，厉声大叫曰：“认得邓将军否！”维自思曰：“此必是邓艾矣。”挺枪纵马来迎。二人抖擞精神，战到三四十合，不分胜负，小将军枪法无半点放闲。维心中自思：“不用此计，安得胜乎？”便拨马望左边山路中而走。那小将骤马追来，维挂住了钢枪，暗取雕弓羽箭射之。那小将眼乖，早已见了，弓弦响处，把身望前一倒，放过羽箭。维回头看时，小将已到，挺枪来刺，维一闪，那枪从肋傍边过，被维挟住。那小将弃枪，望本阵而走。维嗟叹曰：“可惜！可惜！”再拨马赶来。追至阵门前，一将提刀而出曰：“姜维匹夫，勿赶吾儿！邓艾在此！”维大惊，原来小将乃艾之子邓忠也。维暗暗称奇，欲战邓艾，又恐马乏，乃虚指艾曰：“吾今日识汝父子也。各且收兵，来日决战。”艾见战场不利，亦勒马应曰：“既如此，各自收兵。暗算者非丈夫也。”于是两军皆退。邓艾据渭水下寨，姜维跨两山安营。艾见了蜀兵地理，乃作书于司马望曰：“我等切不可战，只宜固守。待关中兵至时，蜀兵粮草皆尽，三面攻之，无不胜也。今遣长子邓忠相助守城。”一面差人于司马昭处求救。

却说姜维令人于艾寨中下战书，约来日大战，艾佯应之。次日五更，维令三军造饭，平明布阵等候。艾营中偃旗息鼓，却如无人之状。维至晚方回。次日又令人下战书，责以失期之罪。艾以酒食待使，答曰：“微躯小疾，有误相持，明日会战。”次日，维又引兵来，艾仍前不出，如此五六番。傅佥谓维曰：“此必有谋也，宜防之。”维曰：“此必捱关中兵到，三面击我耳。吾今令人持书与东吴孙，使并力攻之。”忽探马报说：“司马昭攻打寿春，杀了诸葛诞，吴兵皆降。昭班师回洛阳，便欲引兵来救长城。”维大惊曰：“今番伐魏，又成画饼矣。不如且回。”正是：已叹四番难奏绩，又嗟五度未成功。未知如何退兵，且看下文分解。

[1] 坑——对丧失战斗能力的降兵，加以围歼丛埋。

[2] 全国为上——完整地得到敌国的土地和人民，最为有利。意思是：最好少杀人、少破坏，而取得充分的胜利成果。语出《孙子·谋攻篇》。

[3] 改为景耀元年——蜀汉改元景耀，实际上是在延熙二十一年，即公元二五八年。但本回所叙姜维此次出骆谷伐魏，确在延熙二十年，即公元二五七年。

CHAPTER 112. Rescuing Shouchun, Yu Quan Dies Nobly; Attacking Changcheng, Jiang Wei Mobilizes.

Hearing of this threatened attack, Sima Zhao sought advice from two of his officers, Advisers Pei Xiu and Zhong Hui.

Zhong Hui said, “The Wu army is helping our enemies for the sake of profit, and hence we can seduce them with an offer of greater profit.”

Sima Zhao agreed in this opinion and resolved accordingly. As part of his plan, he sent Shi Bao and Zhou Tai to lay ambushes in different places near Shidou.

As ordered by Sima Zhao, Wang Ji and Chen Qian commanded an army of veterans on the rear, Cheng Zu led thirty thousand troops out to bring on a battle, while Chen Jun got together many wagons, herds of oxen, droves of horses, donkeys and mules, and heaps of military supplies, all of which he crowded together in the midst of the army. This stuff was meant to be abandoned as soon as the fight began, so that the enemy might be tempted to plunder.

That day, Zhuge Dan led the central army, while Zhu Yi and Wen Qin commanded the left and right armies. The armies being drawn up, Zhuge Dan looked across at his opponents and saw that the center of the Wei army was taken up by a disorderly mass of transport. Presently he led on his troops to attack, and Cheng Zu, as bidden to do, gave way and fled, leaving a large amount of spoil. When the soldiers of Wu saw such huge quantities of booty, theirs for the taking, they lost all desire to fight and scattered to gather the spoil.

While thus occupied, suddenly a bomb exploded and, from left and right, down came Shi Bao and Zhou Tai and the army of Wei upon the spoilers. Zhuge Dan attempted to draw off, but other forces under Wang Ji and Chen Qian appeared, and he was heavily smitten. Then came on Sima Zhao with his army, and Zhuge Dan fled to Shouchun, where he entered and shut the gates. The army of Wei set down to the siege of the city, and the army of Wu retired into camp at Anfeng. The Ruler of Wei, Cao Mao, was lodging at this time in Xiangcheng.

Then said Zhong Hui, “Zhuge Dan has been worsted, but the city wherein he has taken refuge is well supplied, and his allies, the troops of Wu, are not distant. His position is strong. Our soldiers are besieging the city all round, which means that those within will hold out for a long time, or they will make a desperate sortie. Their allies also may fall upon us at the same time, and it would go hard with us. Therefore, I advise that the attack be made only on three sides, leaving the south gate open for them if they wish to flee. If they flee, we can fall on the fugitives. The troops of Wu cannot have supplies for very long; and if we sent some light cavalry round by their rear, we might stay their fighting power without a battle.”

“You are my Zhang Liang,” said Sima Zhao, stroking the back of his adviser. “Your advice is excellent.”

So Wang Ji, who was on the south of the city, was ordered to withdraw.

But in the Wu camp at Anfeng was much sadness at the want of success.

Sun Chen said to his general Zhu Yi, “If we cannot succor Shouchun, how can we hope to overrun the Middle Land? Now and here you have to win a victory or die, for another defeat will mean death.”

Zhu Yi went back to his camp and talked with Yu Quan.

Yu Quan said, “The south gate of Shouchun is free, and I will lead therein some of our troops to help Zhuge Dan. Then you challenge the Wei army on one side, and we will come out from the city and attack on the other side.”

Zhu Yi thought the plan good, and Quan Yi, Quan Duan, and Wen Qin were willing to go into the city and share in the attack. They were allowed to march in without hindrance as the Wei generals had no orders to stop them.

When this was reported to Sima Zhao, he said, “This is a plan to defeat our army by making a front and rear attack.”

So he called Wang Ji and Chen Qian and told them to take five thousand troops to keep the road along which Zhu Yi would come and strike him in rear.

Zhu Yi was advancing toward the city when he heard a shouting in the rear, and soon the attack began from two sides by Wang Ji and Chen Qian. His army was worsted and returned to Anfeng.

When Sun Chen heard of this new defeat, he was very angry.

“What is the use of leaders who always lose?” cried he.

He sentenced Zhu Yi to death, and upbraided Quan I, son of Quan Duan, and said, “If you do not drive off this army of Wei, let me never again see your face, nor that of your father.”

Then Sun Chen returned to Jianye.

When this was known in the Wei camp, Zhong Hui said to his chief, “Now the city of Shouchun may be attacked, for Sun Chen has gone away, and there is no hope of succor for the besieged.”

A vigorous assault began. Quan I tried to cut his way through and get into the city; but when he saw Shouchun quite surrounded by the enemy and no hope of success, he gave in and went over to Sima Zhao, by whom he was well received and given the rank of General.

Deeply affected by this kindness, Quan I wrote to his father, Quan Duan, and uncle, Quan Yi, advising them to follow his example. He tied the letter to an arrow and shot it over the walls. Quan Yi found the letter, and he and Quan Duan, with their several thousand troops, came out and yielded.

Within the city Zhuge Dan was very sad.

Two advisers, Jiang Ban and Jiao Yi, came to him and said, “The food in the city is short, and the soldiers are many; this can not last long. General, you should let the Wu troops to go out and make a decisive fight with the Wei army.”

Zhuge Dan turned on them angrily.

“Why do you tell me to fight when I am set on holding out to the very last? If you say that again, you shall die as traitors.”

“He is lost,” said they, going away. “We can do no other than surrender or we shall die too.”

That night Jiang Ban and Jiao Yi slipped over the wall and surrendered. Both were given employment.

Of those left in the city some were for fighting, but no one dared say so.

Meanwhile Zhuge Dan saw the Wei troops build earth walls to anticipate the expected floods of River Huai. This flood had been the only hope of Zhuge Dan, who had trusted to be able to smite the besiegers when it came to destroy the earth wall. However, that autumn was dry, and the river did not swell.

Within the besieged city the food diminished rapidly, and soon starvation stared them in the face. Wen Qin and his sons were defending the citadel, and they saw their soldiers sinking one by one for lack of food till the sight became unbearable.

Wen Qin went to Zhuge Dan with a proposal, saying, “The northern troops should be sent away in order to save food.”

His suggestion called forth an outburst of fierce wrath of Zhuge Dan.

“Do you want to kill me that you propose to send the northern soldiers away?”

Wen Qin suffered death. His two sons, Wen Yang and Wen Hu, ran amok with rage. Armed with short swords, they attacked all they met and slew many scores in their desperate anger. The fit over, they dropped down the wall and deserted to the Wei camp.

However, Sima Zhao had not forgotten that Wen Yang had defied and held at bay his whole army once. At first Sima Zhao thought to put Wen Yang to death, but Zhong Hui interposed.

“The real offender was his father, Wen Qin,” said Zhong Hui, “but he is dead, and these two come to you in desperation; and if you slay those who surrender, you will strengthen the obstinacy of those who remain in the city.”

There was reason in this, and so their submission was accepted. They were led to Sima Zhao's tent, and he soothed them with kind words and gave them gifts and lordships, and made them Generals.

After expressing their gratitude, they rode about the city on the horses he had given them, shouting, “We have received great kindness at the hands of Sima Zhao, who not only has pardoned us but given us gifts. Why do you not all yield?”

When their companions heard this, they said one to another. “This Wen Yang was an enemy, and yet he has been well received; how much more may we expect generous treatment?”

The desire to surrender possessed them all. When Zhuge Dan heard it, he was incensed and went round the posts night and day on the watch for any who seemed inclined to go. He put many to death in these efforts to retain his authority.

Zhong Hui heard how things were going in the city and went in to Sima Zhao to say the moment to attack had come. Sima Zhao was only too pleased. He stimulated his troops, and they flocked to the ramparts and assaulted vigorously. Then the commander of the north gate, Zeng Xuan, treacherously opened the gate and let in the Wei soldiers.

When Zhuge Dan heard that the enemy were in the city, he called his guards and tried to escape. He took his way along the smaller streets to the gate, but on the drawbridge he met Hu Fen, who cut him down. His followers were made prisoners.

Wang Ji fought his way to the west gate, where he fell in with the Wu general, Yu Quan.

“Why do you not yield?” shouted Wang Ji.

“Where is the principle for yielding when I have my orders to rescue the city and so far have not succeeded?” Throwing off his helmet, he cried, “The happiest death a man can die is on the battlefield.”

Whirling his sword about, Yu Quan dashed among his enemies and fought till he fell under many wounds.

Many were they who yielded at Shouchun,

Bowing their heads in the dust before Sima Zhao.

Wu had produced its heroes,

Yet none were faithful to the death like Yu Quan.

When Sima Zhao entered the city, he put to death the whole family of Zhuge Dan. Some of his guards fell into the hands of Sima Zhao alive, and he offered them their lives if they would yield.

They all refused, saying, “We would rather share the fate of our leader.”

They were sent out of the city to be beheaded, but orders were given to offer each one his life at the last moment. Thus, before a person was about to receive the fatal blow, that one was asked to yield. Not one accepted, and they all died. In admiration for their fortitude, they were honorably interred by order of Sima Zhao.

The loyal servant flees not in the day of disaster;

Such were they who followed Zhuge Dan to the shades.

Ever and again begins the Song of Life's Brevity.

Faithful unto death were they, even as Tian Heng's people.

As has been said, many of the troops of Wu surrendered. Then said Pei Xiu, “The parents and children of these soldiers are living all over River Huai; and if you spare them and they return home, they will foment rebellion by and by. The best way is to bury them.”

But Zhong Hui said, “No; When the ancients made war, their policy was to maintain the state as a whole, and so they only put to death the originators of trouble. It would be inhumane to slay all. Rather let them return home as witnesses to your liberal policy.”

“That is better advice,” said Sima Zhao. So the soldiers of Wu were released and allowed to return home.

Tang Zi dared not return to his own place in Wu for fear of the cruel Sun Chen, so he went over to Wei, taking his company with him. He was well received, and his people were employed over the counties of the three rivers.

The country about River Huai being now quiet, Sima Zhao decided to march homeward. Just then the news came that Jiang Wei, the Shu General, was attacking Changcheng and interfering with the supplies; and so a council was called to discuss this matter.

At this time in Shu, the reign style was changed from Long Enjoyment, the twentieth year, to Wonderful Sight, the first year (AD 258). In Hanzhong Jiang Wei had recruited two generals, Fu Qian and Jiang Shu, both of whom he loved greatly, and set them to train the army, horse and foot.

Then came the news: “Zhuge Dan has set out to destroy Sima Zhao; Sun Chen of Wu has supported him with a large army; and Sima Zhao has led the army himself, bringing with him the Empress Dowager and the Ruler of Wei.”

Jiang Wei said, “The great opportunity has come at last.”

So he asked the Latter Ruler's authority to make another expedition.

But Qiao Zhou heard this with grief, for internal affairs were not well.

Said he, “The court is sunk in dissipation, and the Emperor's confidence is given to that eunuch, Huang Hao; state affairs are neglected for pleasure, which is the Emperor's sole aim. Jiang Wei has led many expeditions and wasted the lives of many soldiers, so that the state is falling.”

Qiao Zhou then wrote an essay on “Enemy Kingdoms,” which he sent to Jiang Wei.

“When one asks by what means the weak overcame the strong in past times, the answer is that those responsible for the strong state made no struggle against general laxity, while those in power in a weak state took careful steps for improvement. Confusion followed upon laxity and efficiency grew out of diligence, as is the universal rule. King Wen of Zhou devoted himself to the welfare of his people, and with a small number achieved great results; Gou Jian sympathized with all, and with a weak force overcame a powerful opponent. These were their methods.

“One may recall that in the past Chu was strong and Han weak when the empire was divided by agreement at the Great Canal. Then, seeing that his people were satisfied and settled in their minds, Zhang Liang went in pursuit of Xiang Yu and destroyed him.

“But is it necessary to act like King Wen and Gou Jian? Listen to the reply. In the days of Shang and Zhou, when imperial ranks had long existed and the relations between prince and minister were firmly established, even such as the Founder of the Hans could not have carved his way to a throne. But when the dynasty of Qin had suppressed the feudal nobles and set up mere representatives of its own power, and the people were weak and enslaved, the empire was rived asunder, and there succeeded a time of contention, when every bold soul strove with his neighbor.

“But we are now in other times. Since there is not the state of confusion that waited on the end of Qin, but a state of things more nearly like that of the period of the Warring States, in which six kingdoms contended for the mastery, therefore one may play the part of King Wen. If one would found a dynasty, then must that one wait upon time and favorable destiny. With these in his favor, the consummation will follow forthwith, as the armies of Kings Tang and Wu fought but one battle. Therefore have real compassion for the people and wait on opportunity. If wars are constant, and a mishap come, even the wisest will be unable to show the way of safety.”

“An effusion from the pen of a rotten pedant?” cried Jiang Wei wrathfully as he finished reading, and he dashed the essay on the ground in contempt.

The protest was disregarded, and the army marched.

“In your opinion where should we begin?” asked he of Fu Qian.

Fu Qian replied, “The great storehouse of Wei is at Changcheng, and we ought to burn their grain and forage. Let us go out by the Luo Valley and cross the Shen Ridge. After the capture of Changcheng, we can go on to Qinchuan, and the conquest of the Middle Land will be near.”

“What you say just fits in with my secret plans,” replied Jiang Wei.

So the army marched to the Luo Valley and crossed the Shen Ridge.

The Commander in Changcheng was Sima Wang, a cousin of Sima Zhao. Huge stores of grain were in the city, but its defenses were weak. So when Sima Wang heard of the approach of the Shu army, he and his two leaders, Wang Zhen and Li Peng, made a camp seven miles from the walls to keep any attack at a distance.

When the enemy came up, Sima Wang and his two generals went forth from the ranks to meet them.

Jiang Wei stood in the front of his army and said, “Sima Zhao has forced his prince to go with him to war, which plainly indicates that he intends to emulate the deeds of Li Jue and Guo Si. My government has commanded me to punish this fault. Wherefore I say to you yield at once; for if you persist in the way of error, you and yours shall all be put to death.”

Sima Wang shouted back, “You and yours are wholly strangers to any feeling of rectitude. You have repeatedly invaded a superior state's territory; and if you do not at once retire, I will see to it that not even a breastplate returns.”

With these words General Wang Zhen rode out, his spear set ready to thrust. From the host of Shu came Fu Qian to take the challenge, and the two champions engaged. After a few encounters Fu Qian tempted his opponent by feigning weakness. Wang Zhen thrust at the opening he gave. Fu Qian evaded the blow, snatched Wang Zhen out of the saddle, and bore him off.

Seeing this, his colleague, Li Peng whirled up his sword and went pounding down toward the captor. Fu Qian went but slowly, thus luring Li Peng into rash pursuit. When Li Peng was near enough, Fu Qian dashed his prisoner with all his strength to the earth, took a firm grip on his four-edged brand, and smote Li Peng full in the face. The blow knocked out an eye, and Li Peng fell dead. Wang Zhen had been already killed by the Shu troops as he lay on the ground. Both generals being dead, the troops of Wei fled into the city and barred the gates.

Jiang Wei gave orders for the army to rest that night and take the city on the morrow with all vigor.

Next day, at dawn, the assault began. The soldiers, fresh from their rest, vied with each other who should be first on the wall. They shot over the ramparts fire-arrows and firebombs and burned all the buildings on the wall. They next brought up brushwood and piled it against the rampart and set it alight, so that the flames rose high.

When the city seemed about to fall, the defenders set up a howling and a lamentation that could be heard all around. But suddenly a great rolling of drums diverted the attention of the assailants from the city, and they turned their faces to see a great host of Wei soldiers marching up in all the glory of waving banners. Jiang Wei faced about to meet this attack and took his place beneath the great standard.

Presently Jiang Wei made out a youthful-looking leader riding in advance with his spear ready to thrust. He looked scarcely more than twenty years of age, his face was smooth as if powdered, and his lips were crimson. But from them came fierce words.

“Do you recognize General Deng?” cried he.

“So this is Deng Ai,” thought Jiang Wei.

Thereupon Jiang Wei set his spear and rode out. Both were adepts in arms and neither gave the other an opening, so that at the end of near half a hundred bouts neither could claim advantage. The youth wielded his spear with perfect skill.

“If I cannot gain the advantage by some ruse, how shall I win?” thought Jiang Wei.

So he turned aside his steed and dashed along a certain road that led to the hills. The youth followed. Presently Jiang Wei slung his spear, laid hands upon his bow, chose with care a feathered arrow, and laid it on the string. But the youth was quick of eye, and as the bowstring sang, he bent his head over the saddle and the arrow passed harmlessly by.

The next time Jiang Wei turned, he saw his pursuer close upon him, and already the spear was threatening his life. But as the youth thrust, Jiang Wei evaded the blow and caught the shaft under his arm. Thus deprived of his weapon, the young man made for his own array.

“What a pity! What a great pity!” cried Jiang Wei, turning to pursue.

He followed the young general close up to the standard; but just as he came near, a warrior came to the front, shouting, “Jiang Wei, you fool, do not pursue my son when I, Deng Ai, am here!”

Jiang Wei was taken aback; so he had only been contending with Deng Zhong, the son of his real opponent. Although he was astonished at the skill and vigor of the youth, he now knew that a heavier task lay before him and feared lest his steed was then too far spent for the contest.

So he said to Deng Ai, “Seeing things are so, let us both hold off our troops till the morrow, when we will fight.”

Deng Ai, glancing around, saw that the place was ill-suited for him, so he agreed to wait, saying “Let us lead off our armies then, and whoever shall take any secret advantage is a base fellow.”

Both sides retired into camp, Deng Ai on the bank of River Wei, and Jiang Wei on the hills.

Deng Ai saw that the army of Shu had the advantage of position, so he wrote off at once to Sima Wang, saying, “General, we should not give battle, but wait for reinforcements. Meanwhile the soldiers of Shu will be consuming their supply of grain, and we will attack on three sides when they begin to be hungry. I send my son Deng Zhong to you for further help in the defense of the city.”

Jiang Wei sent a messenger to the Wei camp to deliver a letter of battle, the contest to take place the next day. Deng Ai openly accepted. But when morning came and Jiang Wei had arrayed his troops, his enemy had not appeared on the field. Nor was there any sign of giving battle, no display of flags or rolling of drums all day.

At nightfall the army of Shu returned to camp, and Jiang Wei sent a letter reproaching his opponent with his failure to keep his word. Deng Ai treated the bearer of the letter with great courtesy and explained that he had been indisposed that day, but would certainly fight on the morrow.

But the next day passed also without any move on the part of Wei; and the same thing went on for five days.

Then said Fu Qian to his chief, “There is some knavery afoot, and we must be on our guard.”

“They must be waiting for reinforcements that they may attack on three sides,” said Jiang Wei. “But now will I send into Wu and get Sun Chen to strike at the same time as I.”

Just then scouts came to give the news of the rout of the army of Wu: “Sima Zhao has defeated Shouchun and killed Zhuge Dan. Many in the Wu army have gone over to Wei. Sima Zhao has gone to Luoyang and is planning to march an army to attack Changcheng.”

“So our attack on Wei is but a sham!” said Jiang Wei, bitterly. “It is only a picture of a cake.”

Four times he missed! He hailed

The fifth occasion joyfully, and failed.

The next chapter will tell the story of the retreat.